2020, Volume 16

Motivational effect of objectives in practicing karate, boxing, football and wheelchair basketball

Katarzyna Kotarska¹, Leonard Nowak¹, Mirosława Szark-Eckardt², Maria Alicja Nowak<sup>1

1</sup>Wydział Kultury Fizycznej i Zdrowia, Instytut Nauk o Kulturze Fizycznej, Szczecin, Poland
²Uniwersytet im. Kazimierza Wielkiego Bydgoszcz, Instytut Kultury Fizycznej, Bydgoszcz, Poland


Author for correspondence: Katarzyna Kotarska; Wydział Kultury Fizycznej i Zdrowia, Instytut Nauk o Kulturze Fizycznej, Szczecin, Poland; email: katarzyna.kotarska@usz.edu.pl

Full text

Abstract

Background and Study Aim: We go from the general assumption that motivation in sport depends crucially on the work of a coach (or a sports psychologist) and their assistance in removing obstacles hindering the achievement of the objective, focusing the athlete's attention on the objective, and making them belief that it is possible to achieve it (perseverance in action).This study aim is the motivational effect of objectives in people practicing karate, boxing, football and wheelchair basketball.

Material and Methods: We investigated 476 people from the north-western part of Poland (mean age 26.69 ±9.63 years, 69.1% men, 30.9% women) practicing individual and team sports, filled in a Inventory of Physical Activity Objectives Questionnaire (IPAO), as well as a questionnaire covering personal data and information on their involvement in a given sport. Non-parametric statistics were used. The value of p≤0.05 was assumed to be statistically significant.

Results: The most important objective of the surveyed people practicing karate, boxing, football and wheelchair basketball was physical fitness. Everyone also indicated health and well-being, but in different orders. Higher scores on the scale of motivational values, time organization, motivational conflict and multidimensional objectives were characteristic for karatekas (K), boxers (B) and wheelchair basketball players (W). Footballers (F) required less motivation, and reported less difficulty in organizing time and reconciling different objectives. Perseverance was related only to sporting experience.

Conclusions: In the motivational analyses of the functions of the objectives among karatekas, boxers, football players and wheelchair basketball players, no differences were observed on the scale of perseverance in action. Perseverance in action was related only to sporting experience, not to the frequency and volume of training. In shaping the motivation to take part in sport it is necessary to  focus the work of a coach (sports psychologist) on helping the competitors in removing obstacles hindering the achievement of the objective, focusing attention on the objective, building the belief that it is possible to achieve it.

Key words: organisation of time, multidimensionality of objectives, motivational conflict, Inventory of Physical Activity Objectives, perseverance in action