2017, Volume 13
The limits of anaerobic glycolytic capacities of skilled wrestlers on the basis of anaerobic testing loads of different duration and character
Stanislaw Sawczyn1, Olena N. Lusenko 2, Viktor S. Mishchenko1, Marcin Pasek1, Marcin Dornowski1
1University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdańsk, Poland
2National University of Physical Education, Kiev, Ukraine
Author for correspondence: Marcin Dornowski; University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdańsk, Poland; email: mdornowski[at]awf.gda.pl
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Abstract
Background and Study Aim: It is known that a fatigue response underlies the efficient of elite wrestlers’ specific work capacities. Differences in fatigue and characteristics of special work capacity may relate to differ in capacities of anaerobic lactate systems. The objective of the study was the maximal individual level of anaerobic glycolytic capacities of skilled wrestlers based on the results of three variants of a specific laboratory test.
Material and Methods: Thirty-four free-style wrestlers of national and international level of middleweight category, aged 19-28 years with body mass from 76.9 (64-89) kg having engaged in sports training for 5-13 years participated in studies. All subjects performed three variants of maximal ergometric anaerobic lactate tests: 30 s, 60 s, 120 s and test 4, 30 s each (recovery interval 30 s) on cycle ergometer. They have been performed within days after the recovery micro cycle in the control training sessions. Anaerobic tests were performed the day after the previous test. Work output was measured. Lactic acid concentrations in capillary blood were determined on the 3rd minute after tests. We measured VO2max also for estimation of the part of aerobic energy in different anaerobic lactate tests. The graded (2 min) load power increment on cycle ergometer to failure (12-16 min) was applied. Oxycon Pro (Jaeger) was utilized in breath by breath mode. Lactic acid concentrations in capillary blood were determined on the 3rd minute after the tests (LP-420, Dr. Lange). Percentile zones for determining the levels of test indices were distinguished, which could be the initial standard for differentiation of high and very high capacities of some athletes or groups of wrestlers of middleweight category.
Results: During longer anaerobic tests (60 s and test 4, 30 s each) higher blood lactate concentrations were observed as compared to 30-s Wingate test, even despite less total work (on a per 30 s basis). The lowest aerobic component of work energy supply in long-term anaerobic tests was noted during 60-s load. The lowest individual variations occurred during 120-s continuous load. The aerobic energy supply at the end of test 4, 30-s each was realized to a greater extent as compared to other anaerobic tests.
Conclusion: Determination of individual prerequisites to realization of wrestlers’ anaerobic glycolytic capacities necessitates 2-3 testing with anaerobic type loads of different duration. Practical significance of the study may consist in the advance of additional criteria for regimes of training load with reason for individual predisposition of wrestlers.
Key words: training and testing, specific work capacity, individualities, free-style wrestling, anaerobic