2014, Volume 10

Physiological and psychological performance of Taekwondo Athletes is more affected by rapid than by gradual weight reduction



Woo-Hwi Yang1, Wilhelm Bloch2, Marijke Grau3, Pilsang Kim3, Anke Schmitz3, Oliver Heine4, Joachim Mester5

1Institute of Training Science and Sport Informatics, German Sport University, Olympic Training Centre Rheinland, Cologne, Cologne, Germany
2German Research Centre for Elite Sports, German Sport University, Institute of Cardiology and Sports Medicine, Section of Molecular and Cellular Sport Medicine, German Sport University, Cologne, Cologne, Germany
3Institute of Cardiology and Sports Medicine, Section of Molecular and Cellular Sport Medicine, German Sport University, Cologne, Cologne, Germany
4Olympic Training Centre Rheinland, Cologne
5Institute of Training Science and Sport Informatics, German Research Centre for Elite Sports, German Sport University, Cologne, German Sport University, Cologne, Cologne, Germany


Author for correspondence: Woo-Hwi Yang; Institute of Training Science and Sport Informatics, German Sport University, Olympic Training Centre Rheinland, Cologne, Cologne, Germany; email: ywh1235[at]hotmail.de


Full text

Abstract

Background and Study Aim: The results of previous studies regarding the impact of different forms of weight reduction on performance capacity are not consistent. Therefore, the purpose of this study was the knowledge about the effects of RWR and GWR in Taekwondo athletes on physiological and psychological changes and performance with the sport specific investigation.
Materials and Methods: After baseline measurements, participants reduced weight by 5% within four days (RWR) followed by subsequent measurements. Additional measurements were performed one day post RWR followed by another two baseline measurements in the following weeks before the participants had to reduce 5% of their weight within four weeks (GWR). A final measurement was conducted one day post GWR. Anthropometry, vertical jumps, kick-frequencies and lactate production rate were assessed. Blood glucose, creatine kinase, creatinine, urea and electrolytes were analysed reflecting physiological changes after weight reduction. The psychological analyses comprised an adjective list of Perceived Physical State (PEPS).
Results: Body weight and water were significantly decreased after RWR and GWR (p<0.01) but body fat was only significantly decreased after GWR (p<0.01). Vertical jumps were significantly higher after RWR and kick-frequencies were higher after GWR (p<0.01). The impairments of blood indicators and scale values of PEPS were more predominant in RWR (p<0.05, p<0.01).
Conclusions: Overall, better results regarding physiological and psychological performances were achieved after GWR. Trainers and athletes should schedule GWR to achieve the desired weight prior to a competition so that a potential decline in performance can be avoided.


Key words: creatine kinase, creatinine, electrolytes, kick-frequency, urea, weight loss


Cite this article as:

AMA:

Yang W, Bloch W, Grau M et al. Physiological and psychological performance of Taekwondo Athletes is more affected by rapid than by gradual weight reduction. ARCH BUDO. 2014;10

APA:

Yang, W., Bloch, W., Grau, M., Kim, P., Schmitz, A., & Heine, O. et al. (2014). Physiological and psychological performance of Taekwondo Athletes is more affected by rapid than by gradual weight reduction. ARCH BUDO, 10

Chicago:

Yang, Woo-Hwi, Bloch Wilhelm, Grau Marijke, Kim Pilsang, Schmitz Anke, Heine Oliver, and Mester Joach. 2014. "Physiological and psychological performance of Taekwondo Athletes is more affected by rapid than by gradual weight reduction". ARCH BUDO 10

Harvard:

Yang, W., Bloch, W., Grau, M., Kim, P., Schmitz, A., Heine, O., and Mester, J. (2014). Physiological and psychological performance of Taekwondo Athletes is more affected by rapid than by gradual weight reduction. ARCH BUDO, 10

MLA:

Yang, Woo-Hwi et al. "Physiological and psychological performance of Taekwondo Athletes is more affected by rapid than by gradual weight reduction." ARCH BUDO, vol. 10, 2014

Vancouver:

Yang W, Bloch W, Grau M et al. Physiological and psychological performance of Taekwondo Athletes is more affected by rapid than by gradual weight reduction. ARCH BUDO 2014; 10