2020, Volume 16

Influence of taijiquan martial art on the indicators of external respiration function and psychophysiological state of basketball players

WenXue Yuan¹, Ilia Cherkashin², Elena Cherkashina³, Xiao Quan Zhang¹, Artur Kruszewski⁴, Ivan Barashkov<sup>5

1</sup>Restored to health Teaching Office of Panjin Campus, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
²North-Eastern Federal University | Yakut State Agricultural Academy | Moscow State Academy of Physical Culture in Moscow Region, Yakutsk, Russia
³Institute of Physical Culture and Sports, North-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk, Russia
⁴Department of Individual and Team Sports , Jozef Pilsudski Uniwersity of Physical Education in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
⁵Department of Physical Education and Sports, Yakut State Agricultural Academy, Yakutsk, Russia


Author for correspondence: Artur Kruszewski; Department of Individual and Team Sports , Jozef Pilsudski Uniwersity of Physical Education in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland; email: Artur.kruszewski@awf.edu.pl

Full text

Abstract

Background and Study Aim: Taijiquan is a Chinese martial art and a complete system of rehabilitation and psychophysiological training. Aim of this study is influence of taijiquan classes during one year on the indicators of external respiration and psychophysiological condition of basketball players.

Material and Methods: The sample consisted of 36 male students: experimental group (18 people aged 20.0 ±1.58 years); control group (18 people aged 20 ±1.42 years). A pedagogical experiment was conducted during which athletes of the experimental group performed a set of taijiquan exercises in the final part of each training session. Two pedagogical and psychophysiological tests were performed, as well as an examination of the external respiratory function using spirography before and after the pedagogical experiment.

Results: The analysis of intergroup differences in spirography indicators allowed us to state that in the athletes of the experimental group of 14 studied absolute indicators of external respiration function 11 significantly changed (p<0.05, p< 0.01): one indicator – the breathing frequency by 18.26%, the rest has increased, the growth rates were in the range from 10% to 20%. Eight of the nine indicators of the external respiratory system, expressed as a percentage of the calculated due to value after the pedagogical experiment, have significantly changed (p<0.05, p<0.01). The volume indicators have increased – vital capacity of lungs on inspiration and expiration, inspiratory and expiratory reserve volume, forced expiratory volume after 1 second, peak expiratory flow (p<0.05). There was an increase in the level of implementation of the external respiratory system – index of maximum lung ventilation increased by 35% (p<0.01). Thirteen of the fifteen indicators of individual typological properties of higher nervous activity and sensorimotor functions of athletes in the experimental group significantly differed after the pedagogical experiment, which indicates a statistically significant improvement in psychophysiological indicators (p<0.05, p<0.01).

Conclusions: The positive influence of taijiquan classes on the indicators of respiratory function, psychophysiological state, and the effectiveness of basketball players who practiced taijiquan at the end of each training session six times a week for a year has been revealed. We are recomendet taijiquan exercises at the end of each training session at different stages of the annual training cycle, including the competition period.

Key words: chronic, maximum lung ventilation, mobility of nervous processes, respiratory system, visual-motor response