2021, Volume 17
The technical usage tendency of elite judo athletes under the new rules
Xueling Pan1, Yaping Zhong1, Xin Wei2, Mengli Wei1
1Sports Big Data Research Center, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
2School of Physical Education, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
Author for correspondence: Yaping Zhong; Sports Big Data Research Center, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China; email: zhongyaping@whsu.edu.cn
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Abstract
Background and Study Aim: Judo is a sport of fighting and confrontation (combat sport) that requires a high level of physical fitness and technical-tactical level in competition. The current research points out that the factors that affect judo athletes’ competition performance and competition victory mainly include the approach, gripping attempts, gripping patterns (kumi-kata), and effective attacks. To the cognitive purpose of this study is knowledge about the technical usage tendency of elite judo athletes under the new rules implemented in 2017. The application aim is to provide scientific reference for the technical training of elite athletes.
Material and Methods: Information published on the International Judo Federation official website for judo statistics (www.ijf.org) was retrieved. Then, 112 males and 112 females were selected, and the 224 athletes’ usage tendency of various types of techniques was used as the subject of the study. These athletes were selected from the top eight. Attempts of gripping and attacking techniques were counted based on video of the 2017 Budapest and 2019 Tokyo World Championships, combined with the Chi-square test.
Results: There are statistics differences among the gender, weight categories and key opponents in gripping techniques and some attacking techniques.
Conclusions: (1) The usage of athletes’ gripping techniques has developed diversification under the new rules. The usage of males’ gripping techniques is more inclined toward the collar; the direction of force in the usage of females’ gripping techniques has changed from the right side to the left side; (2) The attempts of hip techniques (koshi-waza) in attacking techniques are significantly higher than those before the rules; (3) Lightweights and heavyweights have a higher usage rate of the sleeve and collar. Middleweights have a higher usage rate of the back for males, while middleweights have a higher usage rate of the sleeve, and lightweights have a higher usage rate of the back for females; (4) The special techniques of the champion and runner-up athletes were outstanding, but while Zhenzhao Ma’s technical usage was diverse, her special technique was not obvious.
Key words: gripping attempts, gripping patterns tactics, technique