2024, Volume 20

Motor skills in the structure of motor fitness of 9-year-old boys engaged in kyokushinkai karate

Svitlana Marchenko¹, Olha Ivashchenko², Wladyslaw Jagiello³, Sergii Iermakov⁴, Oleg Khudolii<sup>2

1</sup>H. S. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical University, Kharkiv, Ukraine
²Kharkiv State Academy of Physical Culture, Kharkiv, Ukraine
³Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdansk, Poland
⁴Kharkiv State Academy of Design and Arts, Kharkiv, Ukraine


Author for correspondence: Wladyslaw Jagiello; Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdansk, Poland; email: wjagiello1@wp.pl

Abstract

Background and Study Aim: Most of the techniques and motor actions in combat sports are strictly determined by the rules of the competition, which dictate the content of the competition activity. In kyokushin karate, striking with the limbs (if with the legs, in the sports jargon and in everyday language 'kicks') are among the sharp means of fighting. Similarly, during self-defense, the importance of the quality of this category of techniques goes beyond the area of application within sports. The purpose of this research was the knowledge about the contribution of motor skills to the structure of motor fitness of 9-year-old boys engaged in kyokushinkai karate.

Materials and Methods: Thirty-two boys, 9 years old, took part in the research. The children and their parents were informed about all peculiarities of the research and gave their consent to participate in the experiment. Participants were informed they could withdraw from the study at any time without giving a reason. All procedures were performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The following research methods were used: study and analysis of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical observation, timing of learning tasks, pedagogical experiment, mathematical statistics, and mathematical planning of the experiment. The algorithmic instructions method was used in the learning process.

Results: The coordinates of centroids allowed us to interpret the canonical functions in terms of their role in the division into classes. The centroid of the A1B1 group (−7.824) is located at the negative pole, the centroids for the A2B2 (4.829) and A2B1 (4.193) groups are located at the positive pole, and the A1B2 group (−1.198) is located between them. The higher the value of the first function, the higher the probability of success in the second and fourth groups. The centroid of group A2B1 (4.151) is located on the positive pole of the second function, and the centroid of group A1B2 (−4.588) is located on the negative pole. The centroids of groups A1B1 (1.977) and A2B2 (−1.539) are located between them. An increase in the value of the second canonical function will improve the learning performance of the second group. The classification results show that 100% of the data were classified correctly.

Conclusions: The analysis and structure of coefficients of the discriminant function indicate that in the process of the formation of the motor skill kick ‘kin geri’, priority is given to training results, anthropometric data, preliminary power training, coordination, and flexibility. The first canonical function is almost twice as informative (66.0%) as the second function (28.4%). The effectiveness of training according to the algorithmic type assignment program depends on the mode of performing orthogonal variants of the standard intermittent exercise.

Key words: anthropometric indicators, coordination, discriminant analysis, ‘kin geri’, self-defence